Stora Enso Oyj History



Address:
Kanavaranta One
P.O. Box 309
FIN-00101 Helsinki
Finland

Telephone: (20) 46 131
Fax: (20) 46 21471

Public Company
Incorporated: 1896 as Aktiebolaget W. Gutzeit & Co.
Employees: 40,226
Sales: EUR 10.64 billion (US$11.33 billion) (1999)
Stock Exchanges: Helsinki Stockholm
NAIC: 113110 Timber Tract Operations; 113310 Logging; 115310 Support Activities for Forestry; 321113 Sawmills; 322110 Pulp Mills; 322121 Paper (Except Newsprint) Mills; 322122 Newsprint Mills; 322130 Paperboard Mills; 322211 Corrugated and Solid Fiber Box Manufacturing; 322222 Coated and Laminated Paper Manufacturing; 422110 Printing and Writing Paper Wholesalers

Company Perspectives:

Mission: To promote communication and the well-being of people by turning renewable fiber into paper, packaging, and processed wood products. Key Dates:

Key Dates:

1288:
First documentary evidence of mining at the copper mountain near Falun, Sweden.
1347:
King Magnus Eriksson of Sweden grants a royal charter, bestowing a series of privileges on the mine.
1650:
Annual copper production hits peaks of 3,000 tons.
1687:
Second of two giant cave-ins marks the beginning of a gradual decline in mine output.

Mid-18th century:Production of Falun red paint commences.

Early 19th century:Stora begins producing pig iron and bar iron, and later moves into forest products.
1862:
Mining, iron, and wood activities are combined within a single company, Stora Kopparbergs Bergslag.
1872:
Norway-based W. Gutzeit & Co. erects the first steam-powered sawmill in Finland, on the island of Kotka.
1885:
Stora acquires a sawmill at Skutskär.
1888:
Stora Kopparbergs Bergslag becomes a limited share company; Enso Träsliperi Aktiebolaget is born through the building of the first groundwood mill on the Vuoksi River.
1896:
W. Gutzeit & Co. is reincorporated in Finland as Aktiebolaget W. Gutzeit & Co.
1897:
A paper mill for newsprint is established by Stora at Kvarnsveden.

Early 20th century:Stora builds hydroelectric stations to power its plants.
1907:
Enso adds a paper machine to its mill.
1909:
Gutzeit acquires Aktiebolaget Pankakoski and its groundwood mill.
1910:
Enso builds large hydroelectric power station on the Vuoksi River.
1912:
Gutzeit acquires the financially troubled Enso.
1916:
Stora becomes part of the Wallenberg empire with the appointment of Marcus Wallenberg, Sr., as chairman.
1918:
The Finnish government becomes majority shareholder in Gutzeit.
1927:
Gutzeit is renamed Enso-Gutzeit Osakeyhtiö.
1931:
Enso-Gutzeit acquires Tornator Osakeyhtiö.

1939-40:Enso-Gutzeit suffers heavy damage in Soviet attacks on Finland; 1940 territorial concessions lead to loss of significant facilities and forestland.
1961:
Stora begins overseas expansion with the building of a pulp mill in Nova Scotia, Canada.
1963:
Enso-Gutzeit begins international expansion.
1976:
Stora begins focusing on forest products through divestment of specialty steel unit.
1977:
Stora's commercial steel operations are divested.
1984:
Purchase of Billerud makes Stora the largest forestry company in Europe.
1986:
Enso-Gutzeit acquires Varkaus; Stora acquires Papyrus.
1988:
Stora acquires Swedish Match.
1990:
Stora acquires Feldmühle Nobel, based in Germany.
1992:
Mining operations in Falun come to an end.
1996:
Enso-Gutzeit acquires Veitsiluoto; E-G adopts new name, Enso Oyj.
1997:
Enso acquires majority control of the German firm E. Holtzmann & Cie AG.
1998:
Stora purchases majority control of a Chinese fine paper mill, Suzhou Papyrus Paper; Stora and Enso merge to form Stora Enso Oyj.
2000:
Stora Enso announces that it will acquire Consolidated Papers, Inc. of the United States.

Company History:

Further Reading:

  • Baxter, Andrew, 'Enso Hopes London Listing Will Draw Foreign Investors,' Financial Times, June 20, 1989, p. 33.
  • Carnegy, Hugh, 'Paper Profits Clear Space for Restructuring: Enso-Veitsiluoto Merger Highlights Concentration of Finnish Industry,' Financial Times, June 7, 1995, p. 32.
  • 'Four Major Mergers: Two Trans-Atlantic Blockbusters,' Pulp and Paper, April 2000, pp. 13-15.
  • Hallvarsson, Mats, 'The Jewel of the Kingdom,' in Sweden Works: Industry in Transition, Stockholm, New Sweden 1988 Committee, 1987.
  • Hoving, Victor, Enso-Gutzeit Osakeyhtiö, 1872-1958, Helsinki: Frenckhellin Kijapaino Osakeyhtiö, 1961.
  • Jewitt, Caroline, 'Stora Enso Sets Off on a Global Crusade,' Pulp and Paper International, June 2000, pp. 29-31.
  • Karonen, Petri, Enso-Gutzeit Oy laivanvarustajana: Oy Finnlines Ltd ja Merivienti Oy vuosina, 1947-1982, Imatra: Enso-Gutzeit, 1992, 240 p.
  • Kenny, Jim, 'Stora Enso Aims for a Smooth Transition,' Pulp and Paper International, June 1999, pp. 20-21, 25.
  • Korpijaakko, O., 'Gutzeit-yhtmän vaiheet 1872-1947,' Enso-Cutzeit Personnel Magazine, 75th Anniversary Issue, 1947.
  • Kylmala, Timo, Kutsetin Mies, Helsinki: Kirjayhtyma, 1986.
  • Latour, Almar, 'Paper Firms Join in Europe, Creating Giant,' Wall Street Journal, June 3, 1998, p. A11.
  • McIvor, Greg, 'Big Is Beautiful, but Not Automatically,' Financial Times, June 18, 1998.
  • McIvor, Greg, and Tim Burt, 'Paper Giants Open a New Chapter: The Stora-Enso Merger Could Be the First of Many,' Financial Times, June 3, 1998, p. 26.
  • Moore, Stephen D., 'Scandinavian Paper Firms Wrestle with Price Declines,' Wall Street Journal, September 5, 1996, p. B8.
  • Rydberg, Sven, En man föör sig: Emil Lundqvist och Stora Kopparberg under mellankrigstiden, Stockholm: Atlantis, 1985, 154 p.
  • ------, The Great Copper Mountain: The Stora Story, Falun, Sweden: Stora Kopparbergs Bergslags AB, 1988, 244 p.
  • ------, Stora Kopparberg: 1,000 Years of an Industrial Activity, Stockholm: Gullers International, 1979, 93 p.
  • Salonen, O., 'Piirteita Parviaisen Tehtaiden synnysta ja kehityksesta,' Enso-Gutzeit Personnel Magazine, 75th Anniversary Issue, 1947.
  • Starkman, Dean, 'Stora Enso to Buy Consolidated Papers,' Wall Street Journal, February 23, 2000, p. A3.
  • 'Stora's Homespun Remedies Go Against the Industry Grain,' Financial Times, March 17, 1998, p. 36.
  • Sullivan, Aline, 'Stora's Story: A Company As Old As the Millennium Puts on a New Face,' International Herald Tribune, November 27, 1999, p. 17.
  • Taylor, Robert, 'Stora Builds Its Muscle in the Community,' Financial Times, April 30, 1990, p. 27.
  • Urry, Maggie, 'Stora Stays with Go-Ahead Strategy After 700 Years,' Financial Times, June 16, 1988, p. 32.
  • Verespej, Michael A., 'Who Owns Whose Trees?,' Industry Week, March 20, 2000, pp. 58+.
  • Wyman, Vic, 'Enso Powers into Newsprint in Eastern Germany,' Pulp and Paper International, December 1994, p. 28.

Source: International Directory of Company Histories, Vol. 36. St. James Press, 2001.

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